农村居民住宅应用毒饵盒灭鼠效果的研究

A field trial of the deratization effect by using bait boxes in rural dwellings

目的探讨农村居民住宅应用毒饵盒灭鼠的效果,为农村鼠类防治提供有效方法。方法随机选择二个自然环境类似、鼠密度相近的农村自然村分别作为试验地和对照地,采用粉迹法在二地同时进行灭鼠前鼠密度调查,之后使用塑料毒饵盒在试验地投放0.005%溴敌隆稻谷毒饵,在对照地投放无毒稻谷基饵,21 d后再次在二地进行鼠密度调查,观察灭鼠效果,对结果进行统计分析。结果灭鼠前试验地和对照地居民住宅鼠密度分别为16.5%、14.8%,二者差别无统计学意义(P>0.05),灭鼠后二地居民住宅鼠密度分别为2.3%、21.6%,试验地21 d灭鼠率为86.1%,校正灭鼠率为90.4%;毒饵与无毒基饵5 d的盗食率分别为28.1%、28.8%,二者差别无统计学意义(P>0.05);试验地灭鼠后居民住宅鼠类侵害率(13.0%)显著低于灭鼠前(60.9%),二者差别有统计学意义(P<0.01),对照地试验期间居民住宅鼠类侵害率由52.4%上升至71.4%,但差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论农村居民住宅应用毒饵盒灭鼠效果显著,且容易为村民接受,可推广应用。

Objective To study the rodent control effect by using bait boxes in rural dwelling,so as to help making effective methods for the rodent control in the countryside.Methods Two villages in which both the natural environment and the rodent density were similar and randomly selected,and the rodent density in the villages was investigated by tracking powder method before the experiment.Then some plastic bait boxes with 0.005% bromadiolone paddy bait were placed in the dwellings in one village,while some bait boxes with non-toxic paddy bait were placed in the dwellings in the other one.21 days later investigating the rodent density of the two villages again and analysing the data.Results The rodent density of the two villages were 16.5 % and 14.8 %（P〉 0.05） before the experiment,and it turned to 2.3 % and 21.6 % after the experiment.The deratization rate of the village with poison paddy bait was 86.1 % and the corrected deratization rate was 90.4 %.The feeding rate of poison paddy bait and non-toxic paddy bait were 28.1 % and 28.8 %（P〉 0.05）.In the first village,the encroachment rate changed from 60.9% to 13.0 %（P〈 0.01）,and in the other village the encroachment rate changed from 52.4 % to 71.4 %（P〉 0.05）.Conclusion The rodent density in rural dwelling can be reduced efficiently by using poison bait boxes,which is accepted easily and suitable for rodent control in rural dwellings.