底吹氩钢包内钢液流动与合金扩散的数值模拟

Numerical Simulation of Fluid Flow and Alloy Dispersion in an Argon Gas Stirred Ladle

运用商业软件Ansys—Fluent，建立了1t钢包底吹氩与合金熔化扩散数值模型，其中钢包吹氩模型通过Wood’sMetal物理试验验证，吻合很好。研究采用数值模拟与现场试验相结合的方法分析了钢包内流场与合金加入的位置及方式对合金在钢包内扩散的影响。结果表明：260L／min吹氩流量过大，且吹氩时间过长（120s），建议使用100L／min的吹氩流量，加合金前吹氩时间30s，使Al块熔化与混均，保护合金，加合金后吹氩30s，降低合金的烧损。合金采用加入棒固定，在吹氩口上方加入后保持3～5s，熔化时间能由6．2s降低至2．0s，混匀时间能由35s降低至23s。另外，在降低烧损的同时，减少吹氩量和温降，起到节能减排的作用。

Fluid flow and alloy remelting and dispersion in a 1 t argon-stirred ladle were simulated using a commer- cial software package Ansys-Fluent with added user-defined subroutines. The simulation was validated by experi- mental data of Woodrs Metal, which show a good agreement. The results show that the 260 L/rain gas flow rate is too high and the 120s treatment time is too long. The gas flow rate should be reduced to 100L/min and the gas blowing time should be 30 s before and after alloy addition. The melting time was decreased from 6.2 to 2.0 s and the mixing time was lowered to 23 s from 35 s by adding alloy above the porous plug with a fixing device and holding 3--5 s. The burning loss of alloy was reduced as well as the argon used and temperature drop, which served as energy conservation and emission reduction.