饱和水岩体中大断面巷道群的爆破安全研究

Safety Research on Blasting Operation for Large Dimension Rock Tunnels Saturated by Water

利用爆破振动作为信号源，运用3种不同的计算和测试方法，对爆破施工现场地下饱和含水巷道群的矿山法施工安全进行了计算和安全评价。结合现场岩石条件，对含饱和水、不含水2种工况进行了模拟计算．比较了计算结果，围岩充水时岩体内部受力情况劣化，内部应力增大约13％～15％：通过对爆破振动的现场测量．结合测点几何坐标．计算出了巷道围岩在爆破时产生的振动附加力，对隧道围岩的稳定性进行了评价，为现场支护的时间安排提供了指导意见。另外，结合地震勘探的方法，进一步求出了围岩的品质因子，细化了围岩在受到爆破振动时的衰减规律，为区域隧道群的合理、安全开挖提供了工程参考。

Computation and safety evaluation was conducted on the execution of blasting works at the construction site for rock tunnels saturated by underground water using blasting vibration as the signal source and three different calculating and measuring approaches. Simulations under the on site rock conditions of water saturated and unsaturated show the degra- dation of stress distribution, an increase of about 13%-15% in inner stress. The measurements on the blasting vibrations and coordinates for survey positions were carried out to calculate the extra vibration stress and to evaluate the stability of the confined rocks during the blasting operation for rock tunnels, which can be served as the guidelines for scheduling the on site supports and protections. In addition, the quality factor of confined rock was determined by seismic exploring tech- nique, and its attenuation law of blasting vibration was clarified to provide a reference frame for the rational and safe exca- vation of the tunnels.