区域绿洲农田土壤有机碳分布及其影响因子研究

Distribution of Soil Organic Carbon and the Influencing Factors in An Oasis Farmland Area

以干旱区典型绿洲农田区---玛纳斯县中部农田为研究区，以土壤有机碳为研究对象，结合野外土壤调查及实验室分析数据研究了土壤有机碳的垂直分布特征，并分析土壤质地、地形、土地利用、作物类型等不同因子对农田土壤有机碳的影响。结果表明：玛纳斯县中部农田土壤有机碳是自然环境综合因素的结果，土壤有机碳含量随着土壤深度的增加不断减小；不同土壤质地土壤有机碳含量的特征为：粘壤土跃粉壤土跃沙壤土；不同地形因子中坡向与农田0~30、30~60 cm层的土壤有机碳含量呈显著正相关，海拔与农田60~100 cm层的土壤有机碳含量呈显著正相关；不同土地利用方式下土壤有机碳含量有较大差异，果园的土壤有机碳含量最高，荒地的土壤有机碳含量最低；不同作物类型土壤有机碳含量特征为：玉米地跃酒葡萄地跃棉花地，且差异显著。

The soil organic carbon（SOC）of a typical oasis farmland in middle part of Manasi county of Xinjiang was used as the research object. Using remote sensing and lab analysis techniques, influences of soil texture, terrain, land uses, and crop types on SOC content of farmland were studied. Results showed that the SOC distribution in farmland of Manasi was mainly determined by comprehensive natural environmental factors. The SOC content decreased along with the increasing soil depth. For soil textures, the SOC content from high to low was clay loam〉powder loam〉silty loam. Slope direction had significantly positive correlations with SOC contents at 0~30 cm and 30~60 cm, while altitude and SOC content at 60~100 cm were significantly positive correlation. The SOC content of orchard was the highest, and the uncultivated land was the lowest under different land-use patterns. For different crop planting systems, the order of SOC content was corn field〉wine grapes field〉cotton field, and the difference was significant.