老年患者常见院内感染因素及护理干预措施对其的预防作用

Analysis of risk factors of common nosocomial infection for elderly patients and preventive effect of related nursing intervention

目的：分析临床上老年患者比较常见的几种院内感染，进而探讨相关的护理干预措施在对预防老年患者出现院内感染中的作用。方法回顾性的分析我院2012年5月～2013年4月期间老年科室的60例院内感染患者的临床资料，分析并统计其发生院内感染的相关因素，以采取有效的护理干预措施加强对其的预防。结果在所有的患者中，以呼吸道感染的老年患者最多，占总人数的53.33%（32/60），其次为泌尿系感染、消化系统感染以及空腔感染和其他类型的一些感染，分别占总人数的15%（9/60）、13.33%（8/60）、11.67%（7/60）、6.67%（4/60）。同时，患者出现院内感染的危险性因素主要包括了吸氧、静脉留置针以及雾化等倾入性的操作。针对患者发生院内感染的不同因素采取相应的护理干预措施后，大大的降低了患者出现院内感染的机率。结论对老年患者发生院内感染的类型与相关的危险因素进行有效的分析，并针对这些危险因素，在结合老年患者实际的基础上，对其采取相应的防御措施以及护理干预措施，可大大的减少老年患者出现院内感染的机率。

Objective To analyze several types of nosocomial infections which are clinically commonly seen in elderly patients, and to explore the effect of related nursing intervention in preventing nosocomial infections for elderly patients. Methods Clinical data of 60 patients with nosocomial infections who were admitted to the geriatrics department of our hospital from May 2012 to April 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Related factors of nosocomial infections were collected and analyzed, and effective nursing intervention was adopted so as to strengthen infection prevention. Results Among all patients, the majority were elderly patients with respiratory infections, accounting for 53.33% of the total（32/60）. Other infections included urinary infections, gastrointestinal infections, infected cavities and other infections, accounting for 15%（9/60）, 13.33%（8/60）, 11.67%（7/60） and 6.67%（4/60） of the total respectively. At the same time, risk factors of nosocomial infections mainly entailed oxygen uptake, venous indwelling needle, and atomization. Relevant nursing intervention was taken for patients according to different factors of nosocomial infections, and the incidence of nosocomial infections significantly reduced. Conclusion Effective analysis is taken for different types of nosocomial infections and relevant risk factors, and relevant preventive measures and nursing intervention are carried out on the basis of these risk factors and real conditions of elderly patients. In such way,nosocomial infections can be significantly lowered.