社区护理现状及其发展方向的探讨

Discussion of status and development of community care direction

目的：探讨社区护理现状及其发展方向。方法随机选择2011年6月～2013年5月期间深圳市宝安区15个社区的780人，采用自制问卷调查表对调查对象的人口学资料、健康状况、社区护理需求等问题进行针对性调查。然后对8个社区基层医疗服务中心进行实地调研，并对调查结果进行统计分析。结果本组780人中高血压、呼吸道疾病的发病率分列一、二位，且农村社区的调查对象与城市社区比较患病率提升。农村组与城市组对护理需求接近；城市组对口腔护理需求较多，农村组对体温、血压和注射护理需求较多。结论随着我国步入老龄化社区，社区人群对护理需求逐年提高，因此，我国须完善基层医疗保健设施和护理体系，建立健全社区护理保障网络，提高社区人群的生活质量。

Objective To discuss status and development of community care direction. Methods Randomly selected 780 people in June 2011-May 2013 period in 15 communities of Bao＇an district in Shenzhen, were surveyed about demographic data, health, community care needs and other issues targeted investigation with self-made questionnaire. Then the eight community-based health care centers were conducted field research, and statistical survey results were analyzed. Results The incidences of hypertension and respiratory diseases in the group of 780 people were the fist and second, and rural communities prevalence increased compared with urban communities. Care needs of rural group were close to urban group; Oral care needs of city group were more, body temperature, blood pressure and injected care needs of rural team were more. Conclusion As China entered the aging community, demand for care of community population gradually increased, so, Country must improve primary health care facilities and care system, establish and improve community care safety net, improving the quality of life of the community population.