老年食管癌放疗患者营养筛查现状及饮食干预对策

The nutrition screening status and dietary intervention strategies in elderly esophageal cancer patients with radiotherapy

目的:探讨利用微型营养评定表(MNA)筛选老年食管癌放疗患者营养状况并进行早期营养干预,评价其临床实用性及有效性。方法:采用MNA问卷对132例老年食管癌放疗患者进行测评,根据筛查结果将患者分为营养良好组、营养风险组及营养不良组,对存在营养风险及营养不良者进行针对性地营养干预,分别在放疗开始2、4周进行评估。结果:三组在不同入院时间营养状况、各测量指标比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01、P<0.05);经干预后,营养风险组和营养不良组入院2、4周MNA评分较入院时明显提高(P<0.05)。结论:采用MNA评估老年食管癌放疗患者的营养状况,并采取有针对性的饮食干预,可明显改善患者的营养状况。

Objective ： To explore and utilize the Mini Nutritional Assessment （MNA） scale to screen the nutritional status of elderly esophageal cancer patients with radiotherapy and implement early nutritional intervention,and to evaluate its clinical usefulness and effectiveness. Methods：MNA questionnaire was used to screen 132 elderly esophageal cancer patients with radiotherapy and the patients were divided into good nutrition group, nutritional risk group and malnutrition group according to the screening results. The patients with nutri- tional risk and malnutrition were given targeted nutritional intervention, the nutritional stuts of the patients was evaluated respectively in 2 and 4 weeks after radiotherapy. Results ： The differences in the comparison of nutritional status of the patients and other indicators in the different admission time among the three groups were statistically significant （P 〈 0. 01, P 〈 O. 05） ;the MNA scores in the nutritional risk group and malnutrition group were significantly increased in 2 and 4 weeks after intervention compared with those on admission （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion ： MNA and targeted dietary intervention can significantly improve the nutritional status of the elderly esophageal cancer patients with radiotherapy.