“人法地”及其现代意义:新道家发凡

Humans Follow Earth and Its Contemporary Significance: On New Taoism

当代新道家的建立必须立足于中国现实,解决现时代的根本问题,即重建中华之思想、道德、制度、社会,并重新联接四者,俾使旧邦绽放新命。在老子那里,个体是具有哲学意义的。个体得以凭藉其独特却可普遍感受的生命体验,抗拒普遍必然性的权力命令,拒绝依据普遍必然性的科学论证而违背心中的鉴赏判断。人怎样以合于道的方式在此世生存,取决于现世的人之"德"如何得到规定。人在世上是以"群"的方式生存的。在老子看来,人之"群"的划分方式是:"人法地"。风俗是每一地风土与人情的最佳融合,也是当地人在其中的最佳生活方式。正是以风俗为核心的地域传统,使得生活在这片土地上的人得以成"群",构成呼吸与共的"家邦"——文化—政治共同体。这也正是老子给予今天的最佳启示——只有让传统文化与基层社会组织相融合,才能保障人的自然与自由。

The construction of contemporary New Taoism should be based on Chinese reality to solve the fundamental issue of contemporary China. To Laozi,individual was philosophical with the particular life experience that could be perceived universally,the individuals resisted the power of universal necessity and refused to go against their own appreciation and judgment in terms with scientific arguments on universal necessity. How to live according to Tao depends on how de( 德) of human is stipulated. Humans live in the world in the form of group. To Laozi,the principle of grouping is that humans follow earth. Customs were the best combination of local cultures and folks,and also the best living style of local people. The custom-based regional tradition enabled the people living in the same place to become a group and Home State-cultural-political community. These are the intellectual heritage left by Laozi.