文化相连:村民自治有效实现形式的文化基础

Cultural Connections:Cultural Basis for Effective Realization Form of Villager Autonomy

肇始于上世纪的村民自治作为一种制度形态的存在,通过一系列的制度设计已经深深嵌入到乡村社会之中。不过,从村民自治的产生来看,它是自生于乡村社会土壤,在上升为国家制度后推行全国,逐步脱离了原有的乡村社会。当村民自治以统一的制度形式遭遇多样的乡土社会时,全国各地为推进村民自治进行了地方性探索与机制性创新。显然,这些探索和创新并不是无源之水、无本之木,而且植根于乡土社会的自治文化,并将绵延的文化与现代的制度耦合于村民自治的具体实践,逐步将传统文化融入现代治理结构之中,为村民自治的有效实现奠定文化基础。

Initiated from last century, villager autonomy has been implanted into rural society through a series of system designed as a regime. However, considering its generation, villager autonomy is originated from rural society. After being upgraded to a state system, villager autonomy was carried out around the nation and broke away from original rural society gradually. As a unified regime, villager autonomy is confronted with various conditions in rural society, and thus the villages around the nation have implemented local explorations and institutional innovations to advance villager autonomy. The local explorations and innovations are apparently rooted in the autonomy culture of rural society, and they combine continuous culture and the modern system into the concrete practices of villager autonomy, which makes traditional culture integrated into modern governance gradually, and lays a cultural basis for realizing villager autonomy.