医籍、医名与医理:明末李中梓的儒医形象及知识传承

Medical Books,Medical Reputation and Medical Knowledge:Image of Confucian Physician Li Zhongzi and Inheritance of Medical Knowledge in the Late Ming Dynasty

明清两季,儒医鼎盛,但医者之所以获"儒医"之名,并非由国家进行资格认证,而是基于职业出身、医术水平、医学著述、社会交往、济世关怀等社会化标准的形象认同。李中梓为明末名医,幼习举业,由儒入医,深通医理,著述丰硕,自成医派,为儒医之重要典范。在李中梓医名的养成与传播过程中,所著医籍居于中心位置。其医籍既重医理归纳普及,亦重医案汇集分析。医籍由新安商人出资,广为刊刻,病者、医者、士林、官府无不看重。医籍既是其专业水准之体现,也是极具说服力的个人"营销",更以兼具儒士风雅,士林交游广阔,儒医之名既知于当世,更垂范后世。然在医学并未列于主流知识谱系的明清时代,盛名之下,学派渐成,亦彰显在社会化的职业养成及专业评定体系之下医学传承的市场及知识路径。

Ming and Qing Dynasty witnessed a booming justification of their name of ＂Confucian physician＂ was from their professional reputation and identity based writing, their social interaction and other social care. Li books which made him a model of his medical school reflected his professional skills and also were a tool for to his renowned reputation of Confucian physician both group of Confucian physicians, but the not from accreditation of the State hut on their background, skills, medical Zhongzi finished writing many medical of Confucian physician. Those books his individual ＂propaganda＂ which led in his times and later on.