婚姻习惯与制定法的冲突与协调——以天津农村地区为例

The Law Conflict and Coordination of Marriage Custom and Statutes———Taking the Tianjin Rural Area as an Example

当前我国正处于社会转型期,在城乡二元结构的框架下,国家法与民间法同时存在并引发冲突,尤以婚姻家庭领域为甚。婚姻习俗与制定法发生冲突,使中国传统的婚姻家庭关系遭受重创,协调两者冲突尤为关键。以天津农村地区为例,对婚约、彩礼等传统婚姻习俗的存在状态进行考察。婚姻习惯与制定法在诸多方面存在差异,譬如婚约的效力、彩礼的性质、彩礼返还条件及比例等。在坚持现行法律规定和精神的前提下,在民事尤其是婚约与彩礼纠纷审判中引入习惯,积极运用习惯解决相关法律纠纷,是解决纠纷、协调冲突的新途径。

China is in a period of social transition, in the framework of the urban-rural dual structure, the State Law and Folk Law exist and lead to conflict, especially in the field of marriage and family. Marriage customs and statutes conflict, making the Chinese traditional marriage and family relationships suffered heavy losses, the coordination between the two conflicts is particularly important. Taking Tianjin rural areas for example, inspect the marriage, bride price and other traditional marriage custom presence states. Marriage customary and statutory differ in many aspects, such as the effectiveness of engagement, the character of betrothal gifts and the conditions, proportions of the bride-price return. How can we under the existing legal provisions and the spirit of the premise to introduce the marriage customary in civil jurisdiction, actively use the customary law to resolve the legal dispute, rich the way to solve disputes and coordinate the conflict.