摘要
目的 调查广东省深圳市某小学暴发皮炎疫情的致病因子、致病途径和危险因素，为及时采取有效的控制和预防措施提供依据。 方法 开展病例搜索、个案调查、危险因素调查、病例对照研究，现场捕获毒蛾幼虫饲养及成蛾种属鉴定。 结果 本次研究共调查病例89例，患者主要临床症状为裸露部位皮肤出现斑丘疹，男女罹患率分别为32.79%（60/183）和27.62%（29/105），二者差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.83，P〉0.05）。经鉴定本次捕获的毒蛾幼虫为鳞翅目毒蛾科黄毒蛾属漫星黄毒蛾幼虫。病例对照研究表明，学生在幼虫寄主树下活动（OR=5.88, 95%CI：2.73-12.69）、校内曾经接触幼虫（OR=3.31, 95%CI：1.57-7.01）、衣物防护不好（OR=2.36, 95%CI：1.07-5.22）为本次皮炎疫情的危险因素。 结论 本研究首次报道了由漫星黄毒蛾幼虫引起的皮炎暴发疫情，并查明疫情为学生裸露皮肤接触到幼虫及其脱落的刚毛所致的过敏性皮炎，建议进行科学预防，以保证学生及居民的个人健康。
Objective To understand the etiology and epidemiology of a dermatitis outbreak in a primary school in Shenzhen, Guangdong province and provide evidence for the prevention and control of dermatitis. Methods Casecontrol study was conducted to analyze the risk factors; Moth larvae were captured for etiological identification. Results Eighty nine cases were surveyed and maculopapule on exposed skin was the major clinical symptom. The attack rate was 32. 79%, in males （60/183） and 27.62% in females （29/105）, the difference had no statistic significance （χ2 = 0. 83, P 〉 0. 05）. The captured larvae were identified as Euproctis plana. The case-control study indicated that frequent stay under the trees with the larvae （ OR = 5.88, 95% CI：2. 73 - 12. 69）, direct contact with larvae in school （OR = 3.31, 95% CI：1.57-7.01） and inappropriate clothes protection （OR = 2.36, 95% CI：1.07-5.22） were the risk factors. Conclusion A caterpillar dermatitis outbreak caused by Euproctis plana larva was identified for the first time. Exposure to this kind of caterpillar or related fomites such as setae could cause typical sensitization dermatitis. It is suggested to conduct prevention for the health of students and the public.
出处
《疾病监测》
CAS
2014年第7期571-573,共3页
Disease Surveillance
