重症脑卒中患者合并肺部感染的原因调查与护理对策

Nursing strategy and cause analysis on severe stroke patients with pulmonary infection

目的：探讨重症脑卒中患者肺部感染的危险因素，以制定预防、护理对策。方法回顾性分析2010年1月-2013年10月收治的56例重症脑卒中患者肺部感染的发生情况，所有患者根据是否发生肺部感染分为感染组和非感染组，比较两组患者的年龄、GCS评分和鼻饲情况。结果56例患者出现肺部感染34例，肺部感染发生率达60．71％。与非感染组比较，感染组的年龄更高（69．77±13．48）岁，GCS评分更低（8．79±3．22）分，鼻饲比例更高（82．35％），差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为20．71，15．94，χ2＝8．23；P＜0．01）。结论年龄大、GCS评分低、鼻饲是重症脑卒中患者肺部感染发生的危险因素。临床上应针对高危患者采取相应的预防、治疗、护理措施，减少肺部感染的发生，改善预后。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of severe stroke patients with pulmonary infection and to make nursing preventive measure .Methods A retrospective analysis of 56 severe stroke patients received from January 2010 to October 2013 of pulmonary infection incidence rate .All patients were divided into infection group and uninfection group , the age, GCS scale and nasal feeding state were compared between the two groups .Results Among the severe stroke patients , 34 cases had pulmonary infection .The infection incidence rate was 60.71%.Compared with uninfection group , the patients in infection group were older （69.77 ±13.48）, with lower GCS scale （8.79 ±3.22）and higher nasal feeding proportion （82.35%）, there were significant difference （t=20.71,15.94,respectively,χ2 =8.23;P〈0.01）.Conclusions The elder age, low GCS score, nasal feeding are the risk factors of sever stroke patients to get pulmonary infection .To the high-risk patients clinically appropriate prevention ,treatment, care measures should be used to reduce the incidence of pulmonary infections and improve prognosis .