三甲医院呼吸科住院吸烟患者戒烟状况调查

Investiagation of the status of quitting smoking in the hospitalized patients with smoking in the department of respiratory in Grade III Class A hospital

目的：调查呼吸内科住院患者中吸烟患者的戒烟状况，为护理人员向患者提供个体化的戒烟宣教提供依据。方法采用尼古丁依赖检测量表、自设戒烟意愿问卷、对烟草危害的认知问卷、烟草戒烟误区问卷，对呼吸内科68例患者尼古丁依赖程度、烟草危害的认知、戒烟认知、吸烟史等进行调查。结果68例患者戒烟意愿平均分为（18．9±8．92）分。认为自己所患疾病与吸烟有关患者43例，戒烟意愿平均得分为（20．91±8．57）分；认为自己患病与吸烟无关者21例，戒烟意愿平均得分为（14．62±7．68）分；两种患者的戒烟意愿得分比较差异有统计学意义（t＝2．848，P＝0．006）。68例患者尼古丁依赖程度得分0～9分，平均（3．99±2．68）分。相关分析显示，本组患者尼古丁的依赖程度与戒烟意愿无相关性（r＝-1．670，P＞0．05）。患者戒烟误区总分平均（5．03±3．616）分，相关分析显示，本组患者戒烟认知总分与戒烟意愿无相关性（r＝-0．024，P＞0．05）。患者戒烟认知情况：患者戒烟误区出现频率最高的为“许多人吸烟多年也没有健康问题”，占52．9％。本组患者吸烟史与戒烟意愿无相关性（ r＝-0.117，P＞0．05）。结论认知误区是阻碍其产生戒烟意愿的不可忽略因素，建议改变健康教育模式，针对患者存在的戒烟认知误区，给予个体化戒烟指导，加强“戒烟的益处”的知识的宣教，帮助患者克服障碍、建立信心。

Objective To investigate the status of quitting smoking in the hospitalized patients with smoking in the department of respiratory to provide the basis for the individualized education on quitting smoking in patients .Methods The nicotine dependence scale , the self-designed questionnaire about the intention of quitting smoking , the cognitive questionnaire about the tobacco harm and the questionnaire about the misunderstanding of tobacco were used to investigate the degree of nicotine dependence , the cognition of tobacco harm and quitting smoking , the history of smoking in 68 cases patients in the department of respiratory . Results The average score of the intention of quitting smoking was （18.9 ±8.92） in 68 cases patients; the cases of patient who thought that smoking had relation to their disease were 43 cases, and the average score was （20.91 ±8.57）;the cases of patient who thought that smoking had no relation to their disease were 21 cases, and the average score was （14.62 ±7.68）, and the difference was statistically significant （t =2.848,P =0.006）.The score of the degree of nicotine dependence in 68 patients was 0-9, and the average score was （3.99 ±2.68）.The correlation analysis showed that there was no correlation between the total score of the cognition about quitting smoking and the intention of quitting smoking （r=-0.024,P〉0.05）.The percent of patients who thought that many people was smoking for years and had not health problems was 52.9%.There was no correlation between the smoking history and quit intention （r=-0.117,P〉0.05）.Conclusions The wrong cognition about smoking is nonnegligible factor on forming the intention of quitting smoking , and the health education mode should be changed .The individualized smoking guidance should be carried out according to the wrong cognition about quitting smoking in patients .The knowledge on the benefits of quitting smoking should be heavy promotion to help patients to overcome the obstacles and establish self -confidence .