绿色棉胚珠离体培养体系优化及光照对纤维生长发育的影响

System Optimization of Green Cotton Ovule Culture in vitro and Effects of Light on the Growth and Development of Fiber

在优化绿色棉离体培养体系的基础上,以绿色棉品种绿絮棉1号、白色棉品种泗棉三号(对照)为材料,比较了光培养和暗培养对鲜胚珠质量、纤维长度、纤维素含量等生理生化指标影响,来探讨光照对绿色棉纤维生长发育的影响。结果表明:花后2 d的绿色棉胚珠较适宜离体培养,其适宜的消毒方式为75%的乙醇10min+0.1%升汞10min;离体培养的适宜激素及其浓度为GA31.0μmol·L-1+IAA 5.0μmol·L-1+ZR 2.5μmol·L-1,3种激素对胚珠鲜质量和纤维伸长影响大小的顺序为ZR>IAA>GA3。光培养能够抑制纤维的伸长、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性和培养前期的纤维蔗糖合成酶活性;但能够促进胚珠的生长、纤维素的合成、纤维PAL活性和培养后期的纤维蔗糖合成酶活性,提高黄酮含量。可见,光照能够对绿色棉纤维生长发育产生一定的影响。

On the basis of the optimization system of green cotton ovule culture, we selected green cotton variety - Ltixumian 1 and the white cotton variety - Simian 3 （control sample） as the materials. The ovule fresh weight, fiber length, cellulose content and other physiological and biochemical indicators of light and dark culture were analyzed in order to investigate the effects of light on the growth and development of green cotton fiber. The results showed that the suitable embryonic age for green cotton ovule culture/n vitro was 2 days post anthesis （DPA） ovule, the suitable disinfection method was 75% ethyl alcohol for l0 min- utes plus 0.1% HgC12 for 10 minutes, and the suitable hormone and its concentration ratio was GA3 1.0 μmol-·L-1＋ IAA 5.0 μmol·L-1＋ZR 2.5 μmol.L-1. The order of three hormones which affecting the ovule fresh weight and fiber elongation was ZR〉 IAA 〉 GA3. The fiber elongation, sucrose synthetase and β-1,3- glucanase activity of green cotton fiber were restrained at early stage in light culture, but it could promote the growth of ovule, celluloses synthesis, PAL activity, and fiber sucrose synthetase activity at later stage of fiber culture, and meanwhile, it could improve the flavonoid content. The results suggested that the light had certain effection on the growth and development of green cotton fiber.