人力资本投资与跨越“中等收入陷阱”

Human Capital Investment and the Leap-out of “Middle-Income Trap”

中国已经进入中等收入国家的行列,面临着跨越"中等收入陷阱"的挑战。当前中国经济增长正从依靠投资扩张和低成本劳动力供给,转向依靠技术技能积累创新和劳动者价值创造能力的提高。中国亟需转变传统的经济增长方式,而人力资本投资可以发挥重大作用。通过对典型国家和地区的分析发现,以高等教育占比来衡量的人力资本水平与跨越"中等收入陷阱"的成功与否及时间长短有着密切联系。未来中国应加强人力资本投资,提高国民教育水平,加快实现经济发展阶段的跨越。

Currently China has entered the ranks of middle-income countries, and is faced with the challenges of overcoming the so called ＂Middle-Income Trap＂. Chinese economic growth is now continuing its transformation from relying on investment-driven economic expansion and low cost labor supply into relying on the accumulation and innovation of technical skills and the improvement of workers＇ value-creating ability. China desiderates to change the traditional economic growth mode, while the investment on human capital can play an important role in it. From the analysis of the typical countries and regions, it is found that there is a close correlation between the human capital level measured by high-education ratio and the success of overcoming the ＂Middle-Income Trap＂ , as well as the time length. Thus in the future, China should strengthen its human capital investment, improve the level of national education, so as to accelerate the cross-stage economic development.