低剂量CT肺癌筛查的争议与解决办法

LDCT lung cancer screening： controversy and solution

肺癌是世界上发病率和病死率最高的肿瘤。低剂量CT（LDCT）筛查肺癌能显著提高肺癌早期诊断率，并能降低肺癌高危人群的病死率。目前LDCT筛查肺癌争议主要有：假阳性过高带来的不必要的有创检查，LDCT的辐射问题，费用问题，以及筛查的目标人群尚不明确。优化筛查方案，并将LDCT同其他手段联合起来，能在降低假阳性率的同时提高早期诊断率，最终提高肺癌患者的生存率。

The morbidity and mortality of lung cancer are the highest in malignant tumor around the world. Low-dose CT （LDCT） screening may remarkably increase the early diagnosis rate of lung cancer and may decrease the mortality of high risk population. Current controversy about LDCT screening includes ： the high false positive rate leading to unnecessary invasive procedure,CT radiation, high cost, and the uncertain of target population. Optimizing LDCT screening procedure and combining LDCT with other methods may decrease the false positive rate as well as increase sensitivity, ultimately increase the survival of lung cancer patients.