98例ICU医院感染病例调查统计

Investigation and Statistics of 98 Cases of Nosocomial Infection in ICU

目的调查和统计某院重症监护室(ICU)医院感染病例,为有效控制和防治ICU医院感染提供依据。方法回顾性分析2010年1月-2013年12月入住本院ICU病房的432例患者病例资料,对医院感染患者的发生部位和病原菌进行调查。结果 ICU医院感染发生98例,发生率为22.7%;98例ICU医院感染患者中,≥60岁237人感染发生71例,为30.%(71/237);<60岁195人感染发生27例,为13.8%(27/195),两组比较有显著差异性(χ2=5.759,P<0.05);医院感染患者共分离出138株病原菌,革兰阴性杆菌为82株(59.5%),真菌为37株(26.9%),革兰阳性球菌为19株(13.8%);医院感染部位依次为呼吸道(53.1%)、泌尿系统(21.4%)、器官/腔隙(10.2%)、胃肠道(10.2%)和其他(5.1%)。结论针对我院ICU医院感染的特点制定有效的防治措施,重建患者免疫系统、加强ICU病房空气清洁流通、严格无菌操作制度、科学选择抗生素可降低医院感染的发生。

Objective Nosocomial infection cases in our hospital were investigated and statistical analyzed to provide evidence for effective control and prevention of nosocomial infection in ICU. Methods Retrospectively analyzing 432 nosocomial infection cases in ICU from January 2010 to December 2013, and investigating location and pathogenic bacteria of them. Results There were 98 cases of nosocomial infection in ICU, the incidence rate was 22.7%;There were 237 patients more than 60 years old. 71 cases had Infection occurred in. incidence rate of nosocomial infection was 30% （71/237）, 195 cases less than 60 years, incidence rate of nosocomial infection was 13.8% （27/195）, the two groups had significant difference （ x^2=5. 759, P〈0. 05）. Patients with a total of 138 strains of bacteria were isolated from nosocomial infection, gram negative bacteria were 82 strains （59. 5%）, 37 strains of fungi （26. 9%）, gram positive cocci were 19 strains （13, 8%）; hospital infection sites were respiratory tract （53. 1%）, urinary tract （21.5%）, （10. 2%）, organ/space the gastrointestinal tract （10. 2%） and other （5.1%）. Conclusion The effective preventive measures implemented according to the characteristics of ICU in our hospital nosocomial infection, rebuild the immune system in patients, strengthen the ward clean air circulation, strict aseptic operation principle, and scientific selection of antibiotics can reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection.