美国俄勒冈州“资源用地”保护简介：土地利用法与规划程序

A Brief Introduction on Resource Land Conservation of Oregon: Land Use Legislation and Planning Procedure

美国各州的规划体系差异较大。俄勒冈州的土地利用立法与规划、管理是一个统一的整体,整个系统既在行政体系中自上向下推行,又在司法体系中获得法定权威和受到严格监督。俄勒冈州独特的土地利用管理体系运行、演进近40年,其经验在美国规划界被认为是严格保护资源用地、控制城市蔓延的典范。该体系的建立初衷是保护资源用地,因此本文以资源用地保护为切入点,简要介绍俄勒冈州建立在州司法体系基础上的土地利用策略与规划方法,希望对中国在敏感资源用地保护和规划体系建设方面提供一定参考与借鉴。

Planning systems of different states in the U.S. vary a lot. Oregon＇s land use plan program, including legislation, planning and management, takes effect as a whole. This top- down system works in the administrative bodies, while getting its power and being under supervision in the legislative bodies. This unique land use manage system worked and evolved in Oregon for four decades, and its experience is regarded as a model of strict conservation of resource land and prevention of urban sprawl in the U.S.. The original idea of its invention was to preserve resource land. This paper, focusing on resource land conservation, briefly introduces Oregon land use policy, legislation and planning to offer a comparison case for Chinese resource land conservation policies and planning system building.