2种施硒方式对黄山贡菊生长、生理特性及硒积累的影响

Effects of Two Ways of Applying Selenium in Soil on the Growth,Biological Characteristics and Selenium Accumulation of Dendranthema morifolium

通过盆栽试验,在设定的土壤施硒范围内,分别采用根施固体硒肥、根施液体硒肥2种途径,研究2种施硒方式与不同施硒浓度对黄山贡菊的生长及生理特性的影响。结果表明,土壤施硒量为5.0mg/kg时,黄山贡菊的各项生长指标(株高、茎粗、最长根长)均达到最大。随着施硒浓度的增加,黄山贡菊中的MDA、叶绿素和脯氨酸含量以及CAT和POD活性都呈现先上升后下降的趋势,SOD的活性呈现先下降后上升的趋势;随着施硒时间的延长,SOD活性呈现持续上升的趋势,CAT活性呈现先下降后上升的趋势,其余各项生理指标均呈现先上升后下降的趋势。土壤施硒可降低黄山贡菊可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖的含量,各处理组的含量均低于对照。土壤施硒可以显著提高黄山贡菊各部位总硒的含量,各处理组的黄山贡菊含硒量主要呈现出叶>花>根>茎。并且根施液体硒肥的黄山贡菊各项指标较根施固体硒肥的黄山贡菊变化更为显著。通过综合分析施硒量对黄山贡菊生长、生理特性以及硒积累的影响,确定根施液体硒肥与土壤施硒量5.0mg/kg为宜。

In the range of application of selenium （Se） on Dendrantherna rnorifolium by pot experiment to ex- amine the effect of Se on growth characteristics, quality and biological characteristics by applying solid Se fertilizer and liquid Se fertilizer on root. The results showed that the highest Dendranthema rnorifoliurn growth indicators （plant height, stem diameter, length of longest root） were observed at 5.0 mg/kg of Se. Using special concentration of Se on Dendrantherna rnorifolium increased MDA, CAT, SOD, POD, chloro- phyll and proline to different extents. Se treatments significantly decreased the contents of soluble protein and soluble sugar in every part of Dendrantherna rnorifoliurn and the contents of soluble protein and soluble sugar of CK were more than other treatments. Se treatments significantly increased the total Se content in Dendranthema rnorifolium plant. The Se content of each treatment group of Dendranthema morifoliurn mainly presented the leaf〉flowers〉root〉stem. Meanwhile, the changes of all indicators of Chrysanthemum morifolium by applying liquid Se fertilizer on root are more significant than applying solid Se fertilizer. Comprehensive considering the effects of Se application on growth, biological characteristics as well as the Se content, the appropriate application rate of Se was 5.0 mg/kg and applying liquid Se fertilizer.