高脂高糖与高纤维膳食对小鼠肠道菌群影响的比较

Comparison of the effects of high fat and sucrose diet and high fibre diet on the intestinal microbiota of mice

目的应用PCR-DGGE方法探究高脂高糖和高纤维膳食对实验小鼠肠道菌群的影响,解析不同饮食与肠道菌群之间的关系。方法选用12只18--22 g清洁级实验小鼠,随机分为高脂高糖饲料组和高纤维饲料组,在第0、2、4、6周分别取小鼠粪便,提取基因组DNA后采用聚合酶链式反应—变性梯度凝胶电泳（PCRDGGE）方法获得肠道菌群的分子指纹图谱,并进行肠道菌群多样性、相似性及优势条带分析。结果 DGGE图谱表明,随着高脂高糖饮食时间的延长,拟杆菌、厚壁菌和变形菌的数量发生了明显变化,而高纤维饮食中拟杆菌、厚壁菌的数量发生了改变,变形菌的数量无明显变化。结论高脂高糖和高纤维饮食对肠道菌群的种类和数量均有一定影响。

[Objective] To study the effects of high fat and sucrose diet and high fibre diet on the in- testinal microbiota of mice by PCR-DGGE technique and explore the relationship between different diet and intestinal microbiota. [Methods] Twelve clean grade laboratory mice （18 to 22 g ） were divided randomly in- to 2 groups and fed with different diets respectively. At the end of experiment, the mice were sacrificed. Then the feces were collected at 0, 2, 4, 6 week. After extraction of genomic DNA from feces, the intestinal flora molecular fingerprint was acquired by PCR-DGGE （polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis） technique. The diversity, similarity analysis and the analysis of the dominant bands were car- ried out by DGGE profilings. [Results] With the extension of the high fat and sucrose diet, DGGE map shows that the number of three kinds of bacteria have obviously changed. While high fibre diet group have two kinds of bacteria number changed. [Conclusion] High fat and sucrose diet and high fibre diet have significant effects on the intestinal microbiota of mice.