成龄果园秋剪对果园光照和果实品质的影响

Effects of Fall-pruning on Orchard Light and Fruit Quality of Red Fuji Apple

[目的]探讨修剪对果园树体光照变化和果实品质的影响,旨在为泰沂产区苹果栽培提供科学依据.[方法]以23年生红富士/平邑甜茶为试材,于2011、2012年的8月25日、9月10日和9月25日在新泰龙廷镇土门村果园连续两年进行了秋季剪,修剪量控制在长枝和营养枝的25％～30％,以不进行秋剪的果树为对照,其他管理一致.[结果]经过两年的连续秋剪,8月25日修剪的果树,与CK相比单果重降低10％左右,果实着色指数提高了15％左右;9月10日进行修剪的果树,果实着色指数提高了15％左右,单果重、果形指数、硬度和可溶性固形物含量没有太大的变化;9月25日修剪的果树,在2012年单果重降低了10％左右.[结论]泰安新泰地区红富士进行秋剪的最佳时间是9月10日前后.

[Objective] The aim was to discuss the effects of pruning on orchard plant light and fruit quality,and provide a scientific basis for apple cultivation of Taiyi Apple Production Area.[Method] Twenty three-year-old Red Fuji apple Trees were used to study the effects of fallpruning in orchards,which located Tumen Village Xintai Town Taian City Shandong Province.Fall-pruning was separately performed on August 25,September 10 and September 25 of 2011 and 2012,and 25％-30％ of vegetative branches were pruned,while no-trimed plants were taken as the control,the other managements were consistent.[Result] The single fruit weight of Red Fuji apple trees pruned on August 25 reduced about 10％,while coloring index improved about 15％ than that of the control; There were no significant difference in single fruit weight,fruit-ship index,firmness of flesh on September 10,while coloring index improved about 15％ than that of the control; There were no significant difference in fruit-ship index,firmness of flesh,coloring index on September 25,while the single fruit weight reduced 10％ than that of the control.[Conclusion] The optimum fall-pruning time of Red Fuji apple tree was about September 10 in Xintai Area of Taian.