不同保种技术对3鸭种2世代性能及环境友好度的影响

The Effects of Different Protection Technologies on the Performance and Environmental Friendly Level of Three Duck Species in Two Generations

了解不同保种技术对肉用鸭生产性能的影响，试图寻找出适合水禽保种的新方法。通过采用小群繁育技术（公鸭40只，母鸭200只）和常规大群保种方法，开展临武鸭、巢湖鸭、靖西大麻鸭3鸭种的2世代遗传效应、表观性状变化、生产性能、环境友好度等研究。结果表明：采用不同方法保种，同一品种试验鸭群体世代间近交系数差异不显著（P〉0．05），且2个世代的近交系数都为0．017～0．020，近交增量为0．0007～0．0030，变异系数为0．087-0．094；试验鸭群表观性状的所有指标在世代间差异也不显著（P〉0．05），均在正常许可范围内；对3个鸭种生产性能测定表明在同一品种内运用不同保种方法其性能差异不显著（P〉0．05），品种之间显示靖西大麻鸭总体上产肉性能优于临武鸭和巢湖鸭；而在环境友好度测评中，小群繁育技术在部分指标均显著低于常规大群保种（P〉O．05）。通过对不同保种方法的比较研究发现，小群繁育技术在保持品种特性外，对环境的友好程度较高，可用于水禽遗传资源的保护。

In order to understand the contribution of different protection technologies on meat-type ducks performance and find suitable waterfowl protection technology,the small swarm breeding technology（♂40and♀200）and big swarm protection technology were carried out to analyze the genetic effect,the changes of apparent characters,performance and the environmental friendly level of Linwu duck,Chaohu duck and Jingxi shelduck duck between two generations.The results showed that the difference of inbreeding coefficient was not significant in the same duck species between two generations using different protection technology,the inbreeding coefficient was between 0.017 to 0.020 in two generations,the inbreeding increment was between 0.000 7to 0.003 0,and the coefficient of differentiation was between 0.087 to 0.094.The index of apparent characters was not significant between two generations using different protection technology,and the values were inside the normal scope.The difference of performance was not significant in same duck species between two genera-tions using different protection technology,and the performance of Jingxi shelduck duck was better than Linwu duck and Chaohu duck.The small swarm breeding technology was significantly lower than the big swarm protection technology in environmental friendly level.As a conclusion,the small swarm breeding technology was higher in the environmental friendly level excepting keeping species characteristics,and was practicable for waterfowl protection.