谐振子势阱囚禁玻色气体的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚

Bose-Einstein condensation of Bose gases trapped in a harmonic potential

基于Thomas-Fermi半经典近似研究了谐振子势阱约束下任意维理想玻色气体的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚(BEC).导出了玻色气体的BEC转变温度、基态粒子占据比例、内能和热容量等物理量的解析表达式,讨论了空间维度和谐振子势阱的影响.以二维和三维玻色系统为例,数值计算了上述热力学量,并与解析结果进行了对比,二者获得了较好的吻合.

Based on Thomas-Fermi semi-classical approximation,Bose-Einstein condensation （BEC）of Bose gases trapped in any dimensional harmonic potential is investigated.Analytical expressions such as BEC transition temperature,the ground state condensate fraction,the internal energy and heat capacity are derived.The effects of space dimension and harmonic potential on the properties of system are dis-cussed.Taking two and three dimensional Bose systems as examples,the above thermodynamic quanti-ties are calculated numerically and compared with the analytical results.The numerical results are in good agreement with the analytical ones.