双渠道供应链库存协调的回购策略

A Buy Back Model for Inventory Coordination in Dual-Channel Supply Chain

在双渠道供应链中,制造商既通过传统零售渠道又通过网络直销渠道将产品销售给最终消费者。因此,制造商既是零售商的供应商同时又是其直接竞争者,为了避免"渠道冲突"他们之间需要建立协调机制。考虑由单一制造商和单一零售商组成的双渠道供应链。在两个渠道都面临随机需求的条件下,对两渠道之间的库存协调和利益分配问题展开研究。结果表明,在仅由零售商做出集中库存决策的模式下,引入回购策略能够同时解决双渠道供应链的库存协调和利益分配问题。最后,通过数值分析进一步验证结论。

In dual-channel supply chain, the manufacturer sells to the ultimate consumers through the independent retailer as well as through online direct channel. To the retailer, the manufacturer may be both a supplier and a direct competitor. In order to avoid ＂channel conflict＂, coordination mechanisms need to be established between them. A dual-channel supply chain consisting of one manufacturer and one retailer is considered. Under the circumstances of stochastic demand, the inventory coordination and profit allocation between the channels are analyzed. The results show that a buy back model can coordinate the supply chain and enable the manufacturer and the retailer to achieve a reasonable profit allocation in the centralized inventory operation mode. Furthermore, numerical simulations testify our conclusions.