有源配电网的综合供电恢复及改进遗传算法

Restoration of distribution network containing DG and a refined genetic algorithm

随着分布式电源在配电网中渗透率的提高,利用DG的孤岛运行能力为故障后配电网中非故障区域的停电负荷恢复供电,可有效提高配电网的供电可靠性。在考虑功率平衡、DG孤岛个数和配电网内联络开关的影响因素下,对有源配电网的恢复供电进行了研究。通过将备用联络线路等值为DG,在恢复决策过程中同时考虑DG与联络开关,提高了整体方案的优越性。在利用DG对负荷恢复供电的过程中,充分考虑了DG的类型及控制特性,通过将DG分为主电源和从电源,研究了主从控制模式下孤岛供电的恢复方案。在孤岛划分过程中,采用改进遗传算法进行了求解,结合有源配电网的网络结构以及故障后孤岛的主从控制模式,提出了染色体编码时的两大约束条件以及基因组与基因子块的概念,染色体间的交叉和变异操作全部基于基因组进行操作,有效避免了无效解的产生。最后对一包含3条馈线、7台DG的配电网进行了仿真研究,验证了所提方法的有效性。

With the development of DG, using its islanding operation ability to restore power supply after fault can effectively improve the reliability of power supply distribution network. In this paper, the power balance, number of islands and the effect of tie switch are all considered, and the comprehensive restoration of active distribution network is researched. Through the DG equivalence of standby contact line, DG and contact switch and all considered in the decision-making process in recovery, so the overall scheme superiority is improved. In the process of load restoration using DG, the type and control characteristic of DG are fully considered, and based on master-slave control mode the DG islands is divided, finally the load of each island is selected by the maximum load power circle algorithm. An improved genetic algorithm is used to solve the islanding problem, combined with the network structure of active distribution network and the master-slave control mode, two major constraints are put forward, and the concept of genomic and gene block is proposed. The crossover and mutation operation of GA are both based on genome, which effectively avoids the invalid solution. Finally, a simulation study is performed on a distribution network consists of 3 line, 7 sets of DG, and the results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.