银川市孕妇营养知识、态度及行为的调查

The Nutritional Knowledge,Attitude and Practice of Pregnant Women in Yinchuan

目的了解银川市孕妇的营养知识、态度及饮食相关行为的基本情况,为做好孕妇的营养教育提供依据。方法采用问卷调查法,对银川市妇幼保健院进行产前检查的788名孕妇进行调查。结果银川市孕妇营养知识及格率为34.0%,优秀率为1.8%。70%以上的孕妇每天摄入粮谷类、畜肉类及水果;不足1%的孕妇每天吃鱼类、虾贝类、动物内脏,部分孕妇从不摄入这些食物。银川市孕妇营养态度普遍较好(92.1%)。孕妇获取营养知识的途径主要是书刊杂志、亲戚朋友和网络电视。孕妇营养知识水平随文化程度、家庭收入水平的增高而提升,但收入>10000元者,及格率反而有所下降。结论银川市孕妇人群的营养知识处于低等水平,饮食行为有待改善,孕妇的营养信息来源缺乏专业人员的指导。孕妇文化程度、职业、家庭收入是孕妇营养知识水平的影响因素。

Objective To investigate the situation of nutritional knowledge,attitude and practice （KAP） of pregnant women in Yinchuan and to provide the evidence for nutrition education of pregnant women.Method The KAP data of 788 pregnant women were collected through face to face survey using the self-designed questionnaire.Results The pass rate and excellent rate of nutrition knowledge of pregnant women were 34.0% and 1.8% respectively.More than 70% pregnant women ate cereal grains,livestock meat and fruit every day.Less than 1% pregnant women ate fish,shellfish and animal giblets every day.Some of pregnant women never eat fish,shellfish and animal giblets.The nutrition attitude of pregnant women was generally good （92.1%）.Pregnant women got nutritional knowledge mainly through books and magazines,relatives and friends,network and television.The education,occupation,and household income were the influential factors of nutrition knowledge level.The nutrition knowledge level increased with the increasing of education and household income.However,the pass rate decreased in those household income more than 10000 RMB.Conclusion The nutritional knowledge of pregnant women in Yinchuan is in lower status.The practice of eating needs to be improved.The sources of nutritional knowledge of pregnant women lack of guidance of professional personnel.The education,occupation,and household income are the main influential factors of nutrition knowledge level.