宁夏引黄灌区蔬菜喷灌技术研究与示范

Vegetables sprinkler technology research and demonstration in Yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia

为了提升宁夏供港蔬菜喷灌技术应用水平,开展了蔬菜喷灌技术研究,集成喷灌水源工程建设技术、水资源配置技术、黄河水净化处理技术、蔬菜喷灌技术等,建立了蔬菜喷灌技术模式并开展示范.供港蔬菜基地年生产蔬菜4～5茬,每天进行喷灌1～2次、喷灌时间25～50 min,年实际灌溉水量在0.945万～1.875万m3/hm2,产量3.0万～4.5万kg/hm2.实践结果表明,供港蔬菜基地喷灌产量较高,经济效益较好,但用水量较大、水分生产效率较低.未来需严格控制灌水量在4～5 mm/d,降低冬灌用水量,避免初春地面灌溉.

In order to enhance application level of sprinkler technology for vegetables supplied to Hong Kong, vegetables sprinkler technology research was carried on. Vegetable sprinkler irrigation technology mode and demonstration were established through integrated sprinkling water construction technology, water resources allocation techniques, water purification technology for Yellow River, vegetable sprinkler irrigation technology. Production is 4-5 stubble in vegetable base for Hong Kong, sprinkling operation times is 1 or 2 times a day, sprinkler time is 25 to 50 minutes, actual consumption water amount is 9 450 to 18 750 m3/hm2, yield is 30 000 to 45 000 kg/hm2. Practice results show that yield of vegetables for Hang Kong is higher and economic returns is better, but water consumption is larger, water use efficiency is lower. Future irrigation amount should be strictly controlled in 4 to 5 ram/d, decrease winter irrigation water, and avoid early spring ground irrigation.