产后6周妇女产后抑郁症危险因素分析

Clinical analysis of 6 weeks postpartum women risk factors of postpartum depression

目的调查产后6周妇女产后抑郁症(postpartum depression,PPD)的发生情况,并分析引起PPD的危险因素。方法选取莱芜市妇幼保健院妇产科于2010年2月至2013年2月收治的800名产后6周妇女作为调查对象,采用调查问卷的方式调查妇女的产后抑郁情况。调查问卷内容包括妇女一般资料、Edinburgh产后抑郁量表、产妇社会心理因素等情况。结果 97名妇女被诊断为PPD,发病率为12.34%。产妇年龄越小、文化程度越低,PPD发病率越高(P<0.05);未婚产妇PPD发病率与已婚产妇相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);产妇经济收入、居住条件、职业、配偶支持、新生儿性别等社会心理因素与PPD的发病有关(P<0.05)。结论年龄、文化程度与经济收入、居住条件、职业、配偶支持与新生儿性别等社会心理因素与妇女PPD的发病均有关,应加强相关因素的健康宣教及产妇的心理辅导。

Objective To investigate the occurrence of postpartum depression （PPD） among the women at 6 weeks postpartum, to analyze its risk factors. Methods 800 women at 6 weeks postpartum in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Laiwu City from February 2010 to February 2013 were enrolled as survey subjects, the questionnaires were conducted to survey the situation of postpartum depression. The contents of the questionnaire included general information, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, maternal psychosocial factors, et al. Results 97 women were diagnosed as PPD with the morbidity of 12.34%. Pregnant women of younger and lower maternal education had higher incidence of PPD （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. No significant difference were found in incidence of PPD between unmarried and married pregnant women （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. Income, living conditions, occupation, spousal support, newborn gender and other social psychological factors are related to the incidence of PPD（ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Age, education, income, living conditions, occupation, spouse support and newborn gender and other social psychological factors are related to the incidence of PPD, health education and psychological counseling according to the related factors should be strengthen.