社区女性尿失禁患者病耻感与生活质量的相关性研究

Study on the correlation between stigma and quality of life of community women with urinary incontinence

目的探讨社区女性尿失禁患者病耻感与生活质量的相关性。方法选择自2012年4月至2014年4月收治的80例社区女陛尿失禁患者作为研究组,同时选择同期80例住院女性尿失禁患者作为对照组。采用一般情况调查表、贬低-歧视感量表及尿失禁生活质量量表对其进行问卷调查,分析二者之间的相关性。结果研究组尿失禁患者歧视-感知量表平均得分显著低于对照组,差别有统计学意义(t=3.31,P<0.05)。研究组尿失禁生活质量量表(I-QOL)总分、逃避和限制性行为评分、心理社会影响评分、社会活动受限评分均低于对照组(t值分别为3.21、3.37、3.55、3.38,均P<0.05)。研究组中尿失禁患者贬低-歧视感知量表与生活质量总分、逃避和限制性行为呈负相关(r值分别为-0.263、-0.354,均P<0.05)。对照组尿失禁患者贬低-歧视感知量表与生活质量总分、逃避和限制性行为呈正相关(r值分别为0.037、0.028,均P<0.05)。结论社区女性尿失禁患者的病耻感对其社交活动影响较大,需采取积极有效的干预方法来改善尿失禁患者的症状及体征,以降低病耻感,提高患者生活质量。

Objective To explore the correlation between stigma and quality of life （QOL） of community women with urinary incontinence （UI）. Methods From April 2012 to April 2014 80 community women with UI were selected in study group, and 80 cases of hospitalized patients with UI in the same period were selected in control group. The general questionnaire, devaluation-discrimination scale and QOL scale for UI were used to analyze the correlation. Results The mean score of devaluation-discrimination scale in the study group was significantly decreased compared to the control group （ t = 3.31, P 〈 0.05 ）. The total score, avoidance and limiting behavior score of I- QOL, psychosocial impact score, and social activity scores were significantly lower in the study group than the control group （t value was 3.21, 3.37, 3.55 and 3.38, respectively, all P 〈 0.05 ）. The devaluation-discrimination scale had negative correlation with total score of I-QOL, avoidance and limiting behavior score in the study group （ r value was - 0. 263 and - 0.354, respectively, both P 〈 0.05 ）, but positive correlation was found in the control group （ r value was 0. 037 and 0. 028, respectively, both P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Stigma of community females with UI has great impact on their social activities, so positive and effective intervention methods are needed to improve the patients＇ symptoms and signs in order to decrease stigma and enhance their QOL.