苏北沿海滩涂养殖湿地磷化氢的释放及其影响因素

Emission of phosphine in intertidal zone for aquaculture along the northern Jiangsu coast and its influencing factors

利用静态暗箱采样方法和气相色谱-氮磷检测器(GC-NPD)分析技术测定了苏北沿海滩涂养殖湿地区域磷化氢的释放通量,研究了其季节和空间变化特征,并探讨了其潜在的影响因素。结果表明,各季节磷化氢释放通量的高低排序为:8月份>5月份>11月份>2月份,其变化范围分别为16.5—168.9、8.3—105.9、8.2—64.5和-19.5—49.6 ng m-2h-1,平均值分别为65.0、36.5、25.9和16.4 ng m-2h-1;空间变化明显,各季节的平均值,b10站位最高,b3次之,b5和b8站位相对较低。磷化氢释放通量与沉积环境因子的相关性分析显示,释放通量与TP、IP、OP、OC、TN、SC和T有较好的线性正相关关系(相关系数R分别为0.807、0.579、0.828、0.825、0.467、0.605和0.551,P值<0.01),与Eh有较好的线性负相关关系(R为-0.774,P值<0.01),表明在研究调查区域,较高的磷、碳、氮、硫组分含量,较高的温度和较低的氧化还原电位更有利于磷化氢的释放过程。

Emission fluxes of phosphine in intertidal zone for aquaculture along the northern Jiangsu coast were investigated using static chamber method and concentrations of phosphine were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with a nitrogen- phosphorus detector. Besides, the seasonal and spatial variation characteristics were studied and the environmental factors were measured to explore the influences on phosphine release. The results showed that the emission fluxes were relatively higher in August, followed by May, November and February, with the ranges of 16.5-168.9, 8.3-105.9, 8.2-64.5 and -19.5-49.6 ng m-2 h-1, respectively. Also, obvious spatial difference of phosphine emission fluxes at the study area was observed, which indicated that the highest emission fluxes were monitored at station bl0, followed by b3 and the lowest were found at b5 and b8. In addition, it was found that phosphine emission fluxes were significantly positively related to TP, IP, OP, OC, TN, SC, T and negatively related to Eh, with the correlation cofficient of 0.807, 0.579, 0.828, 0.825, 0. 467, 0.605, 0.551 and -0.774. It is inferred that high phosphorus, carbon, nitrogen and sulfide contents, high temperature and reductive conditions are favorable for the release of phosphine.