中国四省市社区老年人超重及肥胖影响因素分析

Study on the risk factors of overweight and obesity in the elderly of the community in four provinces and cities in China

目的了解社区老年人超重及肥胖的现况并分析其影响因素。方法采用整群抽样的方法,使用自行研制的问卷,通过入户的方式调查广东省、上海市、黑龙江省和山西省城乡社区≥60岁的老年人;使用2检验和多元Logistic回归的方法进行影响因素分析。结果 (1)调查对象的超重和肥胖检出率分别为27.4%和9.1%;(2)调查对象出现超重/肥胖的危险因素有低龄组(P<0.001)、居住在城市(P<0.001)、不吸烟(P<0.001)、高血压(P<0.001)、心脏病(P<0.001)、高胆固醇(P=0.016)和没有慢性支气管炎(P=0.008)。结论社区老年人的超重和肥胖率较高;加大对城市社区低龄组老年人的健康教育,促进他们良好的生活习惯和行为方式的形成,有利于更有效的控制体重。

Objective To investigate the status of overweight and obesity in the elderly of community, and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods Guangdong Province, Shanghai City, Heilongjiang Province and Shanxi Province were chosen using a cluster sampling method. The elderly aged 60 years and over were interviewed through household survey using a self-developed questionnaire. Analysis of influencing factors was performed using %2 test and multiple logistic regression methods. Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity of the sample were 27.4% and 9. 1%, respectively. The risk factors of overweight/obesity for the respondent were younger age group （P 〈0. 001 ）, living in cities （P 〈 0. 001 ）, non-smokers （ P 〈 0. 001 ）, hypertension （ P 〈 0. 001 ）, heart disease （ P 〈 0. 001 ）, high cholesterol （ P = 0. 016）, and no chronic bronchitis （P = 0. 008）. Conclusions The overweight and obesity rates of the elderly in com- munity are high. Health education for the younger group of the elderly in city community should be strengthened in order to promote good living habits and behavior, and finally, control of their weights.