几类低价态铝簇配合物的结构特征研究进展

Progress of Structure Characteristics on Several Kinds of Low-valent Aluminum Cluster Complexes

低价态铝簇配合物中金属铝的价态介于0价和+3价之间,含有丰富的Al—Al金属键和Al—R配位键,为合成具有特定性能的新型富金属材料提供了新思路。详细地介绍了低价态铝簇配合物前驱体AlX(X=F,Cl,Br,I)的制备工艺,并系统地评述了国内外一些低价态铝簇配合物的研究进展,主要为金属有机铝簇配合物、非金属铝簇配合物和具有jellium模型结构的Almn铝簇配合物,分别从形成机理、配位模式、性能特征、原子特征等多方面分析了铝簇配合物的结构特征。认为,选用合适的配体与低价态铝簇配合物的前驱体反应,可生成新型富金属材料,在含能材料、热传导材料和超导材料等方面具有广阔的应用前景。

The Iow-valent aluminum cluster complexes with abundant AI-AI bonds and AI-R bonds is reviewed in order to pro- vide a new way to synthesize novel metal-rich materials with special properties. The average oxidation number of aluminum clus- ter is between zero and three. The preparation of the predecessor of aluminum cluster complexes AIX（X = F, Cl, Br, l） were intro- duced, and the recent advances in the Iow-valent aluminum cluster complexes were reviewed, containing organometallic cluster complexes, metalloid aluminum cluster complexes and AI^- aluminum cluster complexes with jellium model. The structure char- acteristics of the Iow-valent aluminum cluster complexes were analyzed including formation mechanism, coordination mode, per- formance characteristic, atom and so on. Finally, the suggestions on further study of the Iow-valent aluminum cluster complexes are presented. The novel metal-rich materials have vast potential for future development in many fields such as energetic materials, heat conducted materials and superconducting materials, which could be prepared by reacting between appropriate ligand and predecessor.