降雨条件下沉陷区土壤养分迁移响应

Soil Nutrient Transport of Sloping Fields under Rainfall

为研究煤矿开采沉陷区域坡地土壤养分运移规律,采用室内降雨模拟方法,研究了降雨条件下沉陷区域坡地土壤养分随坡度变化的迁移规律、土壤养分含量的空间分布规律及随时间的变化规律。结果表明,降雨条件下,在一定沉陷坡度范围内,土壤养分含量随着坡度增加而减少。同一采样点不同深度,接近地表处的土壤养分含量随坡度的增加而大幅度减小,深层土壤的养分含量随坡度变化的幅度不大。坡度大于0°的坡面土壤养分含量从坡顶到坡底呈增加的趋势,接近地表处土壤养分含量从坡顶到坡底大幅度增加,深层土壤养分含量从坡顶到坡底缓慢增加。坡度大于0°的坡面在坡底附近区域出现了速效氮、速效钾、有机质的富集现象。接近地表处土壤速效氮、有机质含量随时间的增加而减少的趋势,速效磷含量随时间没有显著变化规律,接近地表处土壤速效钾含量随时间的增加而增加。

Rainfall simulation experiment was made to study soil nutrient migration rule of slope in mining subsidence area. The changing rule of soil nutrient content under the influence of slope and spatio-temporal variation rules of soil nutrient were analyzed. The results showed that soil nutrient content was increased with the increase of slope in a certain slope range. Soil nutrient content of the soil near the surface were greatly reduced with the increase of the slope. Soil nutrient content of the soil in the deep changed slightly. When slope degree was more than 0°, soil nutrient content had a trend of increase from the top to the bottom of slope. Soil nutrient content of the soil near the surface changed greatly. Soil nutrient content of the soil in the deep changed slightly from the top to the bottom of slope. Available nitrogen, available potassium, organic matter were rich in the area near the bottom when the slope degree was more than 0°. Near the surface of earth, the content of soil organic matter and available nitrogen was decreased with the increase of time. Available p content didn＇t change significantly with time. The content of soil rapidly-available potassium was increased with the increase of time.