舰船远尾流场气泡特性研究

Study on Bubble Characteristics of Ship Far Wake Field

为了深入了解舰船远尾流场的目标特性,以拓展尾流自导鱼雷设计思路,简述了舰船尾流的几何特性,利用Runge-Kutta方法解算描述任意气泡运动状态的微分方程组,得到了不同半径的气泡在30 min内的浮升运动曲线,给出了气泡初始条件与存活时间的函数关系。通过气泡总量的离散表达式拟合出了舰船尾流气泡数密度衰减的过程,计算了气泡尺寸概率密度函数,模拟了尾流场中的气泡尺寸分布。最后得出在当前尾流探测技术下限制尾流自导鱼雷探测距离的主要原因是尾流场中较大尺寸气泡的迅速破裂导致气泡数密度的减小,而不是微小气泡的消亡。

To understand deeply the target characteristics of ship far wake field and widen the design thought of wake homing torpedo, based on the geometric characteristics of bubble wake, we derived the bubble ascending motion curves of different radius within 30 minutes and the function relationship between initial condition and residence time of a bubble through exploring the differential equations by the Runge-Kutta method. The attenuation process of bubble number density was fitted based on the discrete expression of total bubble number. The bubble size distribution was simulated and the density function of bubble size probability was calculated. At last, the conclusion was proposed： the reason to inhibit the range of detection for wake homing torpedo with current technology was the decrease of bubble number density due to the quickly break of the huge bubbles instead of the die out of tiny bubbles.