水下运载器球扇形观察窗结构的应力分析

Stress Analysis on Manned Submersible's Spherical Sector Viewport Windows

观察窗是水下载人运载器的特有结构,对潜航员亲临水下进行现场观察起到十分重要的作用。观察窗的结构设计涉及到耐压开口结构的问题,是水下探测设备研制过程中的关键技术问题之一。分析了水下载人运载器常见的观察窗结构设计形式。通过对球扇形观察窗结构的理论分析,得到了该类形观察窗在边界简化条件下径向应力的理论公式,并结合典型算例的有限元数值计算,将计算结果与理论分析结果进行了对比,总结了不同设计尺寸下球扇形观察窗设计的一般规律,可作为该类型观察窗的设计参考。

Viewport window is the key component for divers observing under the water surface in manned submersibles.The structural design of viewport windows is related to the problem of underwater large opening structures,one of the key technical problems during the R＆D process of underwater detection equipment.Familiar types of viewport window used in manned submersibles are analyzed.Theoretical formula for radial stress of spherical sector window under the simplified boundary condition is given.After calculation with the method of finite element,the result is compared with the former.A universal law of spherical sector window designing with different size is generalized in the end.