超临界CO_2流体中制备纳米材料的研究进展

Research Progress on Preparation of Nanomaterials in Supercritical CO_2 Fluid

重点介绍了以超临界CO2流体为介质制备纳米材料的方法、原理及其研究进展。以超临界CO2流体为溶剂或反溶剂制备纳米材料的方法有超临界快速膨胀法、超临界辅助雾化法、超临界反溶剂法;以超临界CO2流体为反应物制备纳米材料的方法有超临界微乳液法、溶胶-凝胶超临界干燥法。对这些方法制备的纳米材料的特点进行了分析,并对超临界CO2流体技术在纳米材料制备中的应用前景进行展望。

The methods, theories and research progress of preparation of nanomaterials in supercritical CO2 f-luids are introduced. Approaches in which supercritical CO2 fluids are used as solvent and anti solvent are as follows： rapid expansion of supercritical fluids, supercritical assisted atomization and supercritical anti-solvent processes. Su- percritical CO2 fluid was used as reactant in the approach of supercritical fluid micro-emulsion and sol-gel supercritical fluid drying. The characteristics of the prepared nanomaterials are analyzed, and application prospect of the supercriti-cal CO2 fluid technology in the preparation of nanomaterials is also discussed.