贵州省生态系统土壤保持功能时空分布演变研究

Research on the Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Soil Conservation Function of the Ecosystem and the Dynamic Variation in Guizhou Province

在地理信息系统（GIS）与遥感（RS）技术支持下，以贵州省2000年、2005年和2010年3个时期的Landsat TM遥感影像、日降雨数据、DEM数据和土壤等数据为基础，根据修正土壤流失方程式（RUSLE）计算分析了贵州省近10 a来生态系统土壤保持功能时空分布格局及变化特征。研究表明，2000年～2010年间，现实侵蚀模数分别为1320.34 t·km^-2·a^-1、1255.76 ·km^-2·a^-1和854.23 t·km^-2·a^-1，森林生态系统土壤保持量降低了0.89·10^8 t·a^-1，农田生态系统土壤保持量降低了2.82·10^8 t·a^-1，草地生态系统土壤保持量降低了0.28·108 ·a^-1，果园生态系统土壤保持量降低了0.04·10^8 t·a^-1，湿地生态系统土壤保持量降低了0.09·10^8 t·a^-1。

Under the support of Geography Information System(GIS) and Remote Sensing(RS), using the Landsat TM images, statistics of daily rain fall, DEM and soil in Guizhou Province of the year 2000, 2005 and 2010, according to the method of RUSLE, we calculated and analyzed the soil conservation function, its distribution and changing condition of Guizhou province in recent ten years. The results revealed that the erosion modulus were 1 320.34 t·km-2·a-1、1 255.76 t·km-2·a-1、854.23 t·km-2·a-1 during 2000 and 2010. From 2000 to 2010, the quantity of soil conservations of forest ecological system, arable land ecological system, grass ecological system, orchard ecological system, wet land ecological system, reduced to 0.89×108 t·a-1, 2.82×108 t·a-1, 0.28×108 t·a-1, 0.04×108 t·a-1 and 0.09×108 t·a-1 respectively.