雾化吸入小剂量右美托咪定对大鼠单肺通气炎性反应的影响

Effects of atomization inhalation of low- dose dexmedetomidine on inflammatory response of one-lung ventilation in rats

目的评价雾化吸入小剂量右美托咪定对大鼠单肺通气炎症反应的影响。方法健康雄性Wistar大鼠36只,体重300-350 g,采用随机数字表法分为3组：对照组（C组）、静脉输注右美托咪定组（V组）和雾化吸入右美托咪定组（I组）,每组12只。采用大潮气量（V=20 ml/kg,50次/min）单肺通气2 h建立右肺单肺通气大鼠模型。单肺通气前10 min,C组静脉注射0.9%氯化钠溶液4 ml;V组经10 min静脉输注右美托咪定6μg·kg-1·h^-1（用0.9%氯化钠溶液稀释至4 ml）;I组采用自制装置氧气驱动经10 min雾化吸入右美托咪定0.1μg/kg＋0.9%氯化钠溶液4 ml,氧流量为2-4 L/min;于给药前（T0）、单肺通气120 min（T1）、和恢复双肺通气30 min（T2）时,采集动脉血样,采用双抗体夹心ELISA法测定血浆肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）、白介素-6（IL-6）和白介素-10（IL-10）的浓度,于T3时处死大鼠,采集右肺匀浆后测定肺组织TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10的含量,左肺测定湿/干重比（W/D）,光镜下观察肾组织病理学结果。结果与T0比较,3组T1和T2时血浆TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10的水平升高（P〈0.05）;与C组比较,V组和I组T1、T2时血浆TNF-α、IL-6的水平降低,IL-10水平升高,W/D降低（P〈0.05）;V组和I组各时点血浆和肺组织TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10的水平差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。V组和I组肺组织病理学损伤较C组减轻。结论雾化吸入小剂量右美托咪定可抑制单肺通气大鼠导致的炎性反应,与静脉注射大剂量右美托咪定效果相似。

Objective To investigate the effects of atomization inhalation of low-dose dexmedetomidine on inflammatory response of one-lung ventilation（ OLV） in rats. Methods Thirty-six healthy male Wistar rats weighed 300 ~350g were randomly divided into 3 groups,with 12 rats in each group： control group,group I and group V. The rats in group I received dexmedetomidine 1μg /kg iv over 10 min,however,the rats in group V inhaled aerosolized dexmedetomidine0. 1μg /kg before one-lung ventilation. The arterial blood specimens were collected before dexmedetomidine administration（ T0,baesline）,at 120 min after OLV（ T1） and at 30 min after reviving two-lung ventilation（ T2） for detecting plasma concentrations of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-10 by ELISA. The animals were then executed and their lungs were taken out to be observed under microscope,and E /D weight ratio in left lung was measured. Results As compared with those in T0,the plasma levels of TNF-α,IL-6,IL-10 in T1 and T2 of the three groups were significantly increased（ P〈 0. 05）. As compared with those in control group,the the plasma levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and W /D ratio in T1 and T2 were significantly decreased,however,the levels of IL-10 were obviously increased in group V and group I（ P 〈0. 05）. There were no significant differences in the levels of TNF-α,IL-6,IL-10 of plasma and lung tissue in group V and group I in different time points（ P 〉0. 05）. Moreover the pathological injury of lung tissue in group V and group I was obviously relieved,as compared with that in control group. Conclusion The atomization inhalation of low-dose dexmedetomidine can inhibit the inflammatory response caused by one-lung ventilation in rats,and the effect is similar to that of intravenous injection of high-dose dexmedetomidine.