小鼠腹腔异位心脏移植模型制作方法的改进

Improved method for building model mouse of abdominal heterotopic cardiac transplantation

目的改进小鼠腹腔异位心脏移植的手术方法以提高成功率。方法选用C57BL/6→C57BL/6和BABL/c→C57BL/6各50对小鼠进行同种同品系和同种异品系心脏移植手术。手术通过减少供心主动脉与肺动脉的游离以减少损伤和术后出血;受体下腔静脉和腹主动脉采用合适的血管夹进行钳夹固定,不必分离动、静脉,不必结扎动、静脉的分支血管。受体腹主动脉和下腔静脉的切口与供心主动脉和肺动脉的口径相等或略偏小。同一显露位置连续缝合,无需将缝针穿至对侧。术后30 d,取移植心脏标本进行苏木精-伊红染色(H-E染色),光学显微镜下观察心肌组织结构的改变。结果手术成功率为95%。供、受体手术时间分别为(6.5±1.3)min和(23.7±4.5)min,其中动、静脉吻合时间分别为(7.6±1.3)min和(8.3±1.7)min。同种异品系组移植心脏平均存活时间为(8.1±0.75)d,同种同品系组术后30 d均存活。术后30 d,同种同品系组移植心脏结构良好;同种异品系组移植心脏心肌结构破坏、溶解坏死,大量淋巴细胞浸润。结论小鼠腹腔异位心脏移植手术方法的改进能提高手术成功率,易于学习掌握,值得推广应用。

Objective To improve the method of mouse abdominal heterotopic cardiac transplantation and to increase the success rate. Methods Fifty pairs of C57BL/6→C57BL/6 mouse and 50 pairs of BABL/c→C57BL/6 mouse were selected. Cardiac transplantations were performed for syngenic mice and aHogeneic mice. The dissection of the aorta artery and pulmonary artery of donors was minimized to decrease the damage and bleeding. The inferior vena cava （IVC） and abdominal aorta of recipients were clamped by proper clamps. It was unnecessary to dissect the IVC and abdominal aorta and ligate their lumber vessels. The length of venotomy and aortotomy of recipients was the same as the opening of the pulmonary artery and ascending aorta of donors or a little bit shorter. Continuous stitches were performed for a single exposure position and the suture needle was unnecessary to go through the opposite side. Heart grafts were harvested and stained with H-E 30 d after the operation. The structural changes of cardiac tissues were observed by the optical microscope. Results The success rate was 95%, The operation time of the donor and recipient was （6, 5 ±1, 3） min and （23, 7 ±4.5） min, respectively, of which the anastomosis time of the artery and vein was （ 7.6 ±1.3） min and （ 8.3 ± 1.7） min. The average survival time of heart grafts of allogeneic transplantations was （8.1 ±0.75） d. All heart grafts of syngenic transplantations survived 30 d after the operation. The structure of heart grafts of syngenic transplantations was normal and the structure of heart grafts of allogeneic transplantations was destroyed with lytic necrosis and lymph ceU infiltration. Conclusion The improvement of the method of mouse abdominal heterotopic cardiac transplantation can increase the success rate. It is easy to learn and grasp and is worth promotion and adoption.