海口市112例少年儿童骨密度及影响因素分析

Study of the bone mineral density in 112 children and adolescents in Haikou and the influencing factors

目的研究海口地区少年儿童的骨密度（bone mineral density,BMD）及其影响因素,为了解本地区少年儿童的骨骼发育状况提供参考依据,同时为国家研究此方面的课题提供资料数据对比,对今后研究青少年儿童的骨骼发育情况具有重要的意义。方法对海口市112例少年,年龄12~14岁,其中男生61例,女生51例儿童行问卷调查,并使用双能X线骨密度测定仪检测其左手桡骨远端的BMD。每次测量前进行仪器性能校正检测,并由同一人负责测量。测量对象取坐位,左臂平放,测量其左手桡骨远端1/3BMD,测量时保持标准体位。结果随着年龄的增长,少年儿童的BMD也随之增长;但其运动时间、睡眠时间及营养状况的重视程度却逐年下降。结论运动、睡眠及营养状况是少年儿童骨密度的重要影响因素;应加大对海口地区少年儿童生长发育期提高骨密度的重视度。

Objective To investigate the bone mineral density （BMD） of the children and adolescents in Haikou and the influencing factors, to provide reference about the bone development status in this area, and at the same time to provide information as data contrast for the national research project, which has the vital significance for the research of bone development in children. Methods A total of 112 children and adolescents in Haikou, aged from 12 to 14 years old, were selected. Among those, 61 were boys and 51 were girls. All the children were surveyed using a questionnaire. BMD of the left distal radius was detected using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The instrument performance calibration test was performed before each measurement, and the detection was in charged by the same person. During detection, the child sat on the seat, with his/her left arm laying flat. BMD of the left 1/3 distal radius was detected. During the whole process, the standard position was kept. Results Along with the growth of children, BMD increased. But their exercise, sleep time, and the nutritional status decreased year by year. Conclusion Exercise, sleep, and nutritional status are the influencing factors for BMD of children and adolescents. The concern about BMD of children and adolescents in Haikou should be improved.