2011-2013年深圳市龙岗区流感样病例暴发疫情分析

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of influenza-like illness outbreaks between 2011 and 2013 in Longgang district, Shenzhen

目的了解深圳市龙岗区流感样病例暴发疫情流行特征,为流感防治提供科学依据。方法回顾性收集深圳市龙岗区2011-2013年流感样病例暴发疫情资料进行描述性分析和相关分析。结果 2011-2012年深圳市龙岗区共报告流感样病例暴发疫情80起,发病总人数为905人,暴露总人数为8 640人,平均罹患率为10.47%(905/8 640)。中小学校(70/80,87.50%)和托幼机构(9/80,11.25%)是流感样暴发疫情的高发场所,不同季节有不同的优势毒株流行,冬季以B型流感病毒流行为主。流感样暴发疫情持续时间与疫情处置的及时性呈显著性正相关(r=0.51,P=0.00);发病总人数与疫情持续时间(r=0.32,P=0.00)和暴露人口总数(r=0.53,P=0.00)亦呈显著性正相关。结论中小学及托幼机构是辖区流感样暴发疫情防控的关键所在,及时的疫情处置对流感样暴发疫情的控制有积极意义。

Objective To understand the features of outbreaks of influenza-like illness （ILI） so as to provide a scientific basis for influenza prevention and treatment. Methods Data of the ILI outbreaks were collected from 2011 to 2013 reported in Longgang district. Results Total 80 ILI outbreaks and 905 ILI patients were reported in Longgang district from 2011 to 2013 with an incidence of 10.47%（905/8 640）, and the nurseries and primary and secondary schools were major places for ILI outbreaks. Different season had different prevalent strains and the B influenza virus was the predominant strains in winter. The duration of ILI outbreaks was positively correlated with the timeliness of dealing with outbreaks （r=0.51 ,P=0.00）, and the total ILI patients was positively correlated with the duration of ILI outbreaks （r= 0.32,P=0.00） and exposed population（r=0.53,P=0.00）. Conclusion The nurseries and the primary schools and high schools are the target for prevention and control of influenza outbreaks in Longgang district, and the timeliness of dealing with outbreaks plays a major role for the control of influenza outbreaks.