深圳市龙华新区3604例手足口病流行病学及临床特征分析

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics analysis of 3 604 hand-footand-mouth disease cases in Longhua new district of Shenzhen

目的分析2012-2013年深圳市龙华新区3 604例手足口病的流行病学和临床特征,为制定有效的手足口病防控措施提供依据。方法运用描述性流行病学方法,对3 604例手足口病病例资料进行分析。结果 3 604例手足口病病例中,发病年龄以1~6岁为主（3 063）,男女性别比为1.67∶1,非本市户籍儿童发病率高于本市户籍儿童;发病高峰集中在4-6月,并出现9-10月次高峰;职业分布以幼托儿童为主（60.01%）;主要临床表现为皮疹和发热。结论深圳市龙华新区手足口病发病存在明显年龄、性别、季节差异;针对手足口病的临床特征,以幼托儿童和非本市户籍儿童为重点,加强手足口病的疾病监测和隔离消毒管理,是防控手足口病爆发的关键。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 3 604 hand-foot-and-mouth disease （HFMD） cases in Longhua new district of Shenzhen from 2012 to 2013,which will provide the basis for formulating effective measures of prevention and control to HFMD. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence of 3 604 HFMD cases. Results The age for majority patients of 3 604 HFMD cases was between 1 to 6 years old （3 063）. The male to female ratio was 1.67：1 and the incidence rate of non-resident children was higher than that of resident children. The incidence peak of HFMD was during April-June, and the sub peak occurred during September-October. Most of the patients were children in kindergartens （60.01%）. The main clinical manifestations were rash and fever.Conclusions The outbreaks of HFMD in Longhua New District of Shenzhen showed differences in age, gender and seasons. Strengthening the monitoring of the disease, quarantine of patients and disinfection are the key measures to prevent the epidemic of the HFMD.