抗Ⅶ型胶原抗体ELISA辅助确诊一例获得性大疱性表皮松解症及文献复习

Detection of anti-type Ⅶ collagen antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the auxiliary diagnosis of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita： a case report and literature review

目的 报道抗Ⅶ型胶原抗体酶联免疫吸附实验（ELISA）辅助确诊1例获得性大疱性表皮松解症（EBA）.同时复习文献,分析在大样本中该方法诊断EBA的敏感性和特异性.方法 对1例临床表现、组织学特点、免疫学特点符合EBA的患者,应用抗Ⅶ型胶原抗体ELISA试剂盒检测其血清中Ⅶ型胶原抗体滴度;以4例健康人、5例大疱性类天疱疮和3例寻常型天疱疮患者为对照.查阅既往关于ELISA法诊断EBA的文献,总结各研究中患者入组标准、包被的抗原、敏感性、特异性,并与其他血清学方法对比.结果 ELISA法检测该患者血清中抗Ⅶ型胶原抗体滴度为136 U/ml,对照组均为阴性.既往文献中,敏感性和特异性有区别,但总体而言,ELISA法诊断EBA的准确性高于免疫印迹.结论 ELISA法诊断EBA简单快捷,具有较高准确性.

Objective To evaluate the performance of anti-type Ⅶ collagen antibody detection using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） in the auxiliary diagnosis of a case of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita （EBA）,and to analyze its sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of EBA in large-scale studies by review of relevant literature.Methods Serum samples were collected from a patient with typical clinical,histological and immunological manifestations of EBA,4 healthy human controls,5 patients with bullous pemphigoid and 3 patients with pemphigus vulgaris.ELISA was performed to determine the serum levels of anti-type Ⅶ collagen antibodies.Literature regarding the diagnosis of EBA using ELISA was reviewed with a summary of inclusion criteria for patient enrollment,coating antigens,sensitivity and specificity.A comparison was carried out between ELISA and the other serological methods.Results Anti-type Ⅶ collagen antibodies were detected by ELISA in the serum of the patient with EBA （136 U/ml）,but not in the other serum samples.The sensitivity and specificity of ELISA in the diagnosis of EBA differed in different studies,but in general,the accuracy of ELISA was higher than that of immunoblotting.Conclusion ELISA is a simple and convenient tool for the diagnosis of EBA with high accuracy.