中国南方不同地区薰衣草花精油化学成分分析

Characterization of Essential Oil Composition of Lavender Grown in Different Regions of Southern China

为了解不同产地薰衣草(Lavandula angustifolia Mill.×Lavandula latifolia Medik.)鲜花精油的化学成分,采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取了产自濮院、厦门、昆明的薰衣草花精油,并用GC-MS方法对其化学成分及相对含量进行了分析。结果表明,三地薰衣草花精油的得油率分别为6.60%、3.07%、3.17%。精油中分别检出50、59、44个化合物,其中4个化合物(桉叶油醇、α-红没药醇、樟脑和芳樟醇)的相对含量占精油总量的75%以上。三地薰衣草花精油中的主要化学成分相同,但含量不同,且精油的组成成分也存在差异。此外,薰衣草精油中的桉叶油醇、樟脑及α-红没药醇的相对含量与海拔及年均降雨量具有一定相关性。

In order to understand the chemical constituents of lavender （Lavandula angustifolia Mill. × L. latifolia Medik.） derived from different areas, the essential oils of flowers were extracted from Puyuan （PY）, Xiamen （XM） and Kunming （KM） by using steam distillation method, the chemical constituents and relative contents were analyzed by GC-MS. The results showed that yield of essential oils from PY, XM and KM were 6.6%, 3.1%and 3.2%, respectively. There were 50, 59 and 44 compounds detected from PY, XM and KM, respectively, among which the contents of eucalyptol,α-bisabolol, camphor and linalool together accounted for more than 75%of the total essential oils. The main constituents had no signiifcant difference among three regions, but their contents were quite different from each other, and the components of essential oils had differnces. Furthermore, the contents of eucalyptol, camphor andα-bisabolol had relation to altitude and average annual rainfall.