改性赤泥粉体抑制瓦斯爆炸的实验研究

Experimental research on gas explosion suppression by modified red mud

为了研制经济且高效的抑爆剂,以拜耳法赤泥为原料,经过脱碱、改性处理后得到具有较高比表面积(255 m2/g)的超细改性赤泥粉体材料。利用自制瓦斯抑爆实验系统,研究了改性赤泥粉体的抑爆性能。研究结果表明:经过改性的赤泥粉体在瓦斯抑爆实验中表现出良好的抑爆效果。其中,质量浓度为0.15 g/L的赤泥粉体可使甲烷体积分数为9.5%的甲烷-空气预混气体的爆炸最大压力降低30%,压力峰值出现时间延迟35.1%左右。结合热分析、氮气吸附-脱附等测试结果,对改性赤泥粉体的抑爆机理进行了讨论,分析表明改性赤泥具有较高的吸热性,同时具有较高的比表面积,能够有效吸附爆炸中产生的活性自基,从而达到抑爆的目的。

In order to develop cheep and high-efficiency explosion suppression agent, the superfine red mud powders, with a high specific surface area （255 m2/g） ,were obtained after dealkalization and modification from red mud in Ba- yer process. The gas explosion-suppression properties of the modified red mud powders were researched by self-de- signed experimental system. The results indicate that the modified red mud powders presents excellent gas explosion- suppression properties. The maximum explosion pressure is decreased about 30%, and the time of pressure peaks ap- peared is delayed about 35.1%, when the methane volume concentration 9.5% and the powders concentration is 0. 15 g/L. Combined with the results of TG, DSC and N2 adsorption-desorption of modified red mud,the explosion- suppression mechanism of the modified red mud powders were discussed. It indicates that superfine red mud powder has high properties of heat absorption and great specific surface area, which could effectively adsorb active free radial oecuring from gas explosion and achieve the aim of explosion suppression.