民国时期中国农村单位合作社的发展概况——以四川省为中心的研究

The Development of Cooperatives in Rural Areas of China During Republican Period——Based on Sichuan Province

单位合作社是民国时期中国农村基层合作组织的主体,种类较多,但各类单位合作社的发展极不平衡,尤以信用合作社数量最多,发展最快。抗战中后期,随着农村合作运动的开展,四川省的各类单位合作社因政策的调整得以不断完善和充实,呈现均衡发展的趋势,但信用合作社的畸形发展局面并未得到根本性地改变,最终影响到农村合作运动全面健康的推进。

Cooperatives were the main part of the grassroots cooperative organization during the period of the Republic of China. Cooperatives had many types, but the development of every type was extremely uneven. Among them, the credit cooperative had the largest number and grew fastest. In the middle and late period of Anti - Japanese War period, owing to central government＇ s policy adjustment, all types of cooperatives in Si- chuan got improved and enriched, showing a trend of balanced development among all types, but the abnormal situation of credit cooperatives had not been fundamentally changed, as a result, the whole rural cooperative movement could not get all- around and healthy developed.