电网友好型空调负荷的主动响应策略研究

Research on Active Response Policy for Grid Friendly Air Conditioning Load

空调负荷的快速增长对电网的安全、经济运行影响较大。基于"电网友好"技术,提出空调负荷主动响应策略,并对其基本原理及实现方案进行详细论述。该策略的核心思想为:空调类设备根据电网电压的变化情况,短时间内主动调整自身的运行状态,以缓解电压变化对系统稳定运行造成的影响。通过搭建典型配电网算例,并建立适合暂态稳定分析的空调负荷聚合模型,对所提3种主动响应策略进行仿真验证,结果表明:空调负荷的分层分布式主动响应策略能够有效抑制电网电压产生的大幅波动,同时有效避免空调负荷响应对电网造成的冲击。电网友好型空调负荷的主动响应策略将有利于维持电网的安全稳定运行,同时也为实现用户与电网之间的友好互动提供一定的参考。

Rapid growth of air conditioning has caused large effect on safe and economical operation of power grid. Based on ＂Grid Friendly＂ technology, this paper proposes active response policy for air conditioning load. Fundamentals and implementation scheme of the policy are discussed particularly. The core idea of the policy is that the air conditioning equipment adjusts operation state automatically according to the change of grid voltage, which can relieve the adverse effect on the stable operation of power system. Typical distribution network example and aggregation model for air conditioning load fit for transient stability study are set up to verify the proposed three active response policies. The simulation results show that the hierarchical distributed active response policy for air conditioning is able to prevent large fluctuation of grid voltage as well as avoid the impact on power grid when air conditioning equipments respond actively. Active response for grid friendly air conditioning load is beneficial to maintain the safe and stable operation of power grid, which also provides a certain reference for realizing friendly interaction between power consumers and distribution network.