基于竞争博弈的风电爬坡协同控制策略

Ramping Coordination Control of Wind Generation Based on Competitive Game Theory

风电爬坡事件对电网的冲击较大,甚至造成停电事故,研究相应的风电有功控制策略十分必要。分析场群控制对风电控制的改善效果,提出一种基于竞争博弈的风电爬坡协同控制策略。基于风电场出力调整量、响应速度以及维持功率的能力,提出风电场贡献度指标。通过合理设置风电场贡献度指标参数,将有效调整的博弈策略构造为纳什均衡点,使得风电场能够积极、自愿参与虚拟电厂控制。所提策略在考虑机组状态分类的基础上,通过k-means算法,快速将风电场划入不同虚拟电厂;虚拟电厂根据计划出力制定调整计划,风电场通过有效调整、升出力过调整和降出力欠调整的博弈策略,实现风电场贡献度指标最大化。仿真结果表明,所提策略能够使得风电场积极响应虚拟电厂控制需求,限制风电场采取背离虚拟电厂控制需求的博弈策略,保证虚拟电厂出力能够较好跟踪计划出力指令。

The wind generation active power control under wind ramping events is very important to secure power grid operation. The difficulty in wind generation active power control was analyzed and a ramping coordination control of wind generation based on competitive game theory was proposed. Considering the power regulation, regulation speed and power support ability, wind farm contribution index was proposed. Through setting up reasonable wind farm contribution index parameters, effective regulation was constructed to the Nash equilibrium. On the basis of unit classification method, wind farms were divided into different virtual power plant through k-means algorithm. According to scheduling plan from power grid, regulation scheduling plan of virtual power plant was formulated and different game strategies-effective regulation, over-regulation and under- regulation were chosen by wind farms to achieve a higher wind farm contribution index. The simulation shows that the control strategy proposed can enable wind farms to respond to the regulation scheduling plan quickly and virtual power plant track the scheduling plan from power grid accurately.