离子液体电化学窗口的研究进展

Research Advances in Electrochemical Window of Ionic Liquids

综述了离子液体及其电化学窗口的应用现状,总结了大量国内外研究离子液体电化学窗口的数据,包括AlCl3类、咪唑类、季铵盐类等离子液体.电化学窗口的大小与离子液体的阴阳离子种类、工作电极和参比电极种类及离子液体中杂质有关.通过分析阴阳离子种类、工作电极、参比电极的影响,得出阴极极限电势大小顺序为季铵盐≈季鏻盐>吡咯烷>哌啶≈吗啉>六亚甲基亚胺盐≈咪唑>锍盐>吡啶,阳极极限电势的顺序为NTf2-≈RFBF3->BF4->TSAC->F(HF)2.3->CF3COO->HCOO-.不同工作电极下,离子液体的电化学窗口按W>GC>Pt≈Au顺序依次降低.在研究离子液体时,钨是最好的工作电极材料.以Li/Li+为参比电极测得的电势最正.

Based on the status quo of the application of ionic liquids and their electrochemical window, a large number of electrochemical window data from domestic and foreign research sources of ionic liquids are summarized, including chloroaluminate systems, imidazolium, quaternary ammonium salts, etc, The electrochemical windows of ionic liquids depend on their cations and anions, working electrodes and reference electrodes. Through analyzing the above factors, it is obtained that the cathodic limiting potential of ionic liquids decreases in the following order： ammonium ≈ phosphonium 〉 pyrrolidinium 〉 piperidinium ≈ morpholinium 〉 azepanium imidazolium 〉 sulfonium〉pyridinium. The anodic limiting potential of ionic liquids has the following sequence： NTf2- ≈ RFBF3- 〉 BF4- 〉 TSAC- 〉 F（HF）2.3- 〉 CF3COO- 〉 HCOO-. Furthermore, the electrochemical windows gradually become narrow on different working electrodes in the order： W〉 GC 〉 Pt ≈ Au. Tungsten is the best working electrode material for studies on ionic liquids. The potential measured vs. Li/Li＋ is the most positive.